APEC 2002

March 10-14, 2002
The Adam's Mark Hotel
Dallas, Texas

Technical Sessions

SESSIONS AT A GLANCE

Monday, March 11, 1:30 PM - 5:00 PM

Tuesday, March 12, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon

Wednesday, March 13, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon

Wednesday, March 13, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM

Thursday, March 14, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon

Thursday, March 14, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM

TECHNICAL SESSIONS

Session 1 - Plenary
Monday, March 10, 1:30 PM - 5:00 PM
Dallas Ballrooms A & B
Session Chair: Bruce Miller, Dell Computer

1.1 System Approaches to Power Management

Dennis Monticelli, National Semiconductor Corp., Santa Clara, CA

1.2 The Effective Engineer: A Challenge—Define Your Own Excellence!

Charles Mullett, Condor D.C. Power Supplies, Inc., Oxnard, CA

1.3 Design Considerations for VRM Transient Response Based on the Output Impedance

Kaiwei Yao, Yu Meng, Peng Xu and Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA

1.4 Flip-Chip Flex-Circuit Packaging Implemented for 42V/16A Integrated Power Electronics Module Applications

Y. Xiao, R. Natarajan, T.P. Chow, E.J. Rymaszewski, R.J. Gutmann, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY

1.5 A High-Frequency 1.5 MVA H-Bridge Building Block for Cascaded Multilevel Converters Using Emitter Turn-Off Thyristor

Alex Huang, Siriroj Sirisukprasert, Zhenxue Xu, Bin Zhang, Jason Lai, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

1.6 A Novel Direct Back EMF Detection for Sensorless Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor Drives

Jianwen Shao, Dennis Nolan, Thomas Hopkins, STMicroelectronics, Schaumburg, IL

Session 2 - Motor Drive Control
Tuesday, March 11, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
San Antonio Ballroom A
Session Chairs: Babak Fahimi, Electro Standards Laboratories & Francesco Profumo, Politecnico di Torino

2.1 Four Quadrant Control of a Switched Reluctance Motor for a Highly Dynamic Actuator Load

Iqbal Husain, Syed Hossain, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Harald Klode, Dayton Technical Center, Dayton, OH; Bruno Lequesne, Avoki Omekanda, Delphi Automotive Systems, Shelby Twp., MI

2.2 Automatic Control of Excitation Parameters for Switched-Reluctance Motor Drives

Yilmaz Sozer, David A. Torrey, Erkan Mese, Advanced Energy Conversion, LLC, Ballston Spa, NY

2.3 Vector Control of Five-Phase Synchronous Reluctance Motor with Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) for Minimum Switching Losses

Hamid A. Toliyat, Ruhe Shi, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

2.4 Resilient Current Control of Five-Phase Induction Motor under Asymmetrical Fault Conditions

Hamid Toliyat, Huangsheng Xu, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

2.5 A Simple Space-Vector PWM Algorithm For VSI-FED AC Motor Drives

Razvan C. Panaitescu, Ned Mohan, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN

2.6 Direct Synchronized PWM Techniques with Linear Control Functions for Adjustable Speed Drives

V. Oleschuk, F. Blaabjerg, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, DENMARK

2.7 A Sensorless, Stable V/F Control Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives

P.D. Chandana Perera, Frede Blaabjerg, John K. Pedersen, Paul Thogersen, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, DENMARK

Session 3A - EMI & Packaging
Tuesday, March 11, 8:30 AM - 10:15 AM
San Antonio Ballroom B
Session Chair: Douglas C. Hopkins, State University at Buffalo

3A.1 Effect of Switching Frequency Modulation on EMI Performance of a Converter Using Spread Spectrum Approach

Matti Rahkala, Rovaniemi Polytechnics, Rovaniemi, Finland; T. Suntio and K.Kalliom&#auml;ki, University of Oulu, Finland

3A.2 Devices for the Separation of the Common and Differential Mode Noise: Design and Realization

F. Profumo, M. Chiado Caponet, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, ITALY

3A.3 Novel Power MOSFET Packaging Technology Doubles Power Density In Synchronous-Buck Converters for Next Generation Microprocessors

Andrew Sawle, International Rectifier, Surrey, UNITED KINGDOM; Carl Blake, Dragan Maric, International Rectifier, El Segundo, CA

3A.4 An Evaluation of Board-Mounted Power Module Packages

Frank Liang, Karl Wolf, V. Joseph Thottuvelil, Tyco Electronics Power Systems, Mesquite, TX

Session 3B - Manufacturing & Marketing
Tuesday, March 11, 10:45 AM - 12:00 Noon
San Antonio Ballroom B
Session Chair: Larry Gilbert, The Powerhouse Inc.

3B.1 Environmental Issues In Power Electronics (Lead-Free)

Patrick Le Fevre, Ericsson Microelectronics AB, Kista-Stockholm, SWEDEN

3B.2 The Global Market for Power Supply and Power Management Integrated Circuits

Nathan Andrews, Venture Development Corporation, Natick, MA

3B.3 Standard Products (Brick Converters): Product Development, Marketing, Advertising, Selling And Making A Profit

Mohan Mankikar, Micro-Tech Consultants, Santa Rosa, CA

Session 4A - Magnetics Modeling
Tuesday, March 11, 8:30 AM - 10:15 AM
Houston Ballroom A
Session Chair: Van Niemela, Tyco Electronics Power Systems

4A.1 Dynamic Lossy Inductor Model for Power Converter Simulation

Patrick Chapman, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL; Scott Sudhoff, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

4A.2 New Modeling Strategy for the Fringing Energy in Magnetic Components with Air Gap

L.M. Escribano, R. Prieto, J.A. Oliver, J.A. Cobos, J. Uceda, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, SPAIN

4A.3 An Improved Two-Dimensional Numerical Modeling Method for E-Core Transformers

Charles R. Sullivan, Anderson F. Hoke, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH

4A.4 An Accuracy Assessment of 2D vs 3D Finite Element Models for Ferrite Core, Sheet Wound Transformers

J.D. Lavers, E.D. Lavers, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA

Session 4B - Power Semiconductor Devices
Tuesday, March 11, 10:45 AM - 12:00 Noon
San Antonio Ballroom A
Session Chair: Alexander Craig, Fairchild Semiconductor

4B.1 The Uniform Turn-on of the Emitter Turn-Off Thyristor

Z. Xu, Y. Bai, B. Zhang, A. Huang, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

4B.2 A 1700V LPT-CSTBT With Low Loss and High Durability

E. Motto, J. Donlon, T. Nakagawa, Powerex, Inc., Youngwood, PA; Y. Ishimura, K. Satoh, J. Yamada, M. Yamamoto, Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Fukuoka, JAPAN; S. Kusunoki, H. Nakamura, K. Nakamura, Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Kumamoto, JAPAN

4B.3 A Resonant Power MOSFET/IGBT Gate Driver

I. de Vries, Turbo Switchers (Pty) Ltd., Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA

Session 5 - Voltage Regulator Modules I
Tuesday, March 11, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Ionel Dan Jitaru, Ascom Rompower Inc.& Rais Miftakhutdinov, Texas Instruments Inc.

5.1 An AC VRM Topology for High Frequency AC Power Distribution Systems

Mei Qiu, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA; Praveen Jain, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, CANADA

5.2 Effect of Target Impedance and Control Loop Design on VRM Stability

Shamala Chickamenahalli, Suryakumar Mahadevan, Edward Stanford, Kim Merley, Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ

5.3 Critical Inductance in Voltage Regulator Modules

Pit-Leong Wong, Linear Technology Corporation, Milpitas, CA; Fred C. Lee, Peng Xu, Kaiwei Yao, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

5.4 Withdrawn By The Author

5.5 Comparison of Three Topologies for VRM Fast Transient Application

M.H. Pong, Y.Y. Law, J.H. Kong, Joe Liu, N.K. Poon, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, CHINA

5.6 Novel Transient Cancellation Control Method for Future Generation of Microprocessors

Issa Batarseh, Jaber A. Abu Qahouq, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL

5.7 Transient Current Compensation for Low-Voltage High-Current Voltage Regulator for Microprocessor

Issa Batarseh, Jia Luo, Xiaofang Gao, Thomas Wu, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL

Session 6 - Single Stage PFC
Tuesday, March 11, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom C
Session Chairs: Jun Chen, Texas Instruments Incorporated & Robert Crane, Ascom Energy Systems

6.1 Optimizing the Design of Single-Stage Power Factor Correctors

J.A. Villarejo, Polytechnic University of Cartagena, Cartagena, SPAIN; J. Sebastian, A. Fernandez, M.M. Hernando and P.J. Villegas, University of Oviedo, Gijon, SPAIN

6.2 Universal Line Voltage Single-Stage AC/DC Converter

O. Garcia, C. Fernandez, J.A. Cobos, J. Uceda, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, SPAIN

6.3 Flyback with Active Clamp: A Suitable Topology for Low Power and Very Wide Input Voltage Range Applications

P. Alou, O. Garcia, J.A. Cobos, J. Uceda, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, SPAIN; M. Rascon, ALCATEL, Madrid, SPAIN

6.4 Comparison Between Two Single-Switch Isolated Flyback and Forward High-Quality Rectifiers for Low Power Applications

Giorgio Spiazzi, Simone Buso, University of Padova, Padova, ITALY

6.5 A Bi-Flyback PFC Converter with Low Bulk Capacitor Voltage and Tight Output Voltage Regulation for Universal Input Applications

Weihong Qiu, Wenkai Wu, Wei Gu, Issa Batarseh, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL

6.6 Parallel-Connected Single-Stage Power Factor Correction Approach for Improved Performance and Efficiency

Sangsun Kim, Prasad N. Enjeti, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

6.7 Single-Switch Parallel Power Factor Correction AC/DC Converters with Inherent Load Current Feedback

Qun Zhao, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA; Jinrong Qian, Maxim Integrated Products, Sunnyvale, CA

Session 7 - Sensorless Motor Drives
Wednesday, March 12, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
San Antonio Ballroom A
Session Chairs: David A. Torrey, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute & Miguel Velez, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez

7.1 Sensorless Drive of SMPM Motor by High Frequency Signal Injection Method

Seung-Ki Sul, Ji-Hoon Jang, Seoul National University, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA

7.2 Low Cost Sensorless Control of Brushless DC Motors with Improved Speed Range

Gui-Jia Su, John McKeever, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, TN

7.3 Withdrawn By The Author

7.4 Sensorless Control of Switched Reluctance Motors for Constant Torque Applications Based on Back EMF Calculation

M. Ehsani, F.R. Salmasi, H. Gao, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX; B. Fahimi, Electro Standards Laboratory, Cranston, RI

7.5 A Voltage Model Flux Observer Design Requiring No Stator Resistance or Voltage Signal Information

Longya Xu, Habib-ur Rehman, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH

7.6 Implementation of Generic Sensorless Direct Field Oriented Control of AC Motors on Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor

Mongkol Konghirun, Longya Xu, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; David Figoli, Texas Instruments Incorporated, Stafford, TX

7.7 A Modified PWM Scheme in Order to Obtain Spatial Information of AC Machines without Mechanical Sensor

Thomas Wolbank, Juergen Machl, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, AUSTRIA

Session 8 - Magnetic & Piezoelectric Devices
Wednesday, March 12, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
San Antonio Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Ed Bloom, e/j BLOOM associates Inc. & Conor Quinn, Artesyn Technologies

8.1 PCB Integrated Inductor for Low Power DC/DC Converter

Matthias Ludwig, Maeve Duffy, Terence O Donnell, Cian O Mathuna, PEI Technologies, NMRC, Cork, IRELAND

8.2 Experimental Evaluation of the Core Losses in the Magnetic Components used in PFC Converters: Application to Optimize the Flyback Structure Losses

C. Larouci, J.P. Ferrieux, L. Gerbaud, J. Roudet, S.Catellani, Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, FRANCE

8.3 Improved Loss Determination for Planar Integrated Power Passive Modules

J.T. Strydom, J.D. van Wyk, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA

8.4 Design Issues of a Core-less Transformer for a Contact-less Application

C. Fernandez, O. Garcia, R. Prieto, J.A. Cobos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, SPAIN; S. Gabriels, G. Van Der Borght, Cochlear Technology Centre Europe, Edegem, Belgium

8.5 Integrated Magnetic for LLC Resonant Converter

Bo Yang, Rengang Chen, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

8.6 An Actively Cooled High Power, High Frequency Transformer with High Insulation Capability

Lothar Heinemann, ABB Calor Emag High Voltage Switchgears, Hanau, GERMANY

8.7 Comparison of Different Alternatives to Drive Piezoelectric Transformers

M. Sanz, P. Alou, R. Prieto, J.A. Cobos, J. Uceda, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, SPAIN

Session 9 - DC-DC Control
Wednesday, March 12, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom A
Session Chairs: José A. Cobos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid & Jian Sun, Rockwell Collins, Inc.

9.1 A Stability Assessment Tool for DC-DC Converters

Cahit Gezgin, Wayne Bowman, V. Joseph Thottuvelil, Tyco Electronics Power Systems, Mesquite, TX

9.2 High-Frequency Digital Controller IC for DC/DC Converters

Aleksandar Prodic, Ben Patella, Dragan Maksimovic, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO

9.3 PID Controller Modifications to Improve Steady-State Performance of Digital Controllers for Buck and Boost Converters

Liping Guo, John Y. Hung, R.M. Nelms, Auburn University, Auburn, AL

9.4 Stability and Dynamic Response Improvement of Flyback DC-DC Converter by a Novel Control Scheme

Tamotsu Ninomiya, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka, JAPAN; Hiroto Terashi, Densei-Lambda KK, Kanoya, Kagoshima, JAPAN; Isacc Cohen, Lambda Electronics Inc., Melville, NY

9.5 Analysis and Small-Signal Modeling of Self-Oscillating Converters with Applied Switching Delay

Teuvo Sunito, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Katja Hynynen, Pertti Silventoinen, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland

9.6 Soft-Switching Zeta Converter with an Asymmetrical PWM Control

T.-F. Wu, S.-A. Liang, Y.-M. Chen, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, TAIWAN

9.7 Synergetic Synthesis of DC-DC Boost Converter Controllers: Theory and Experimental Analysis

E. Santi, A. Monti, R. Dougal, F. Ponci, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; A. Kolesnikov, G. Veseloc, A. Kolesnikov, Tanganrog State University of Radio-Engineering, Tanganrog, RUSSIA

Session 10 - Modeling, Simulation & Control
Wednesday, March 12, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Cahit Gezgin, Tyco Electronics Power Systems & Chuck Mullett, Condor DC Power Supplies

10.1 Parallel-Connected Converters with Maximum Power Tracking

Kasemsan Siri, Kenneth Conner, The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA

10.2 Optimum Control Design of PWM-Buck Topologies to Minimize Output Impedance

A. Soto, P. Alou, J.A. Oliver, J.A. Cobos, J. Uceda, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, SPAIN

10.3 Real-Time, PC-Based Simulator of Electric Systems and Drives

Simon Abourida, Guillaume Murere, Nicolas Lechevin, Christian Dufour, Biao Yu, Jean Belanger, Opal-RT, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA

10.4 A Novel Method for Inductor Core Loss Estimation and Its Implementation in a Simulation Tool

Jinjun Liu, Fred C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA; Thomas G. Wilson, Jr., Ronald C. Wong, Ron Wunderlich, Transim, Incorporated, Boston, MA

10.5 A Unified Approach to Compact Modeling of Power and Logic Devices in Low Cost nMOS-Based Smart Power Technology

A. Roncaglia, N. Speciale, M. Rudan, University of Bologna, Bologna, ITALY; G.C. Cardinali, Lamel CNR, Bologna, ITALY

10.6 Parameter Extraction for a Power Diode Circuit Simulator Model Including Temperature Dependent Effects

E. Santi, X. Kang, A. Caiafa, J. Hudgins, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; P. Palmer, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UNITED KINGDOM

10.7 Optimization Design of A Single-Stage PFC Converter with Averaging Circuit Model and MathCAD

Issa Batarseh, Weihong Qiu, Chris Iannello, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL; Shiguo Luo, Tyco Electronics Power Systems, Inc., Mesquite, TX

Session 11 - Control & Circuit Techniques
Wednesday, March 12, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom C
Session Chairs: Neil J. Barabas, B&R Electronics & Vladimir Muratov, Intersil Corporation

11.1 Concurrent and Simple Digital Controller of an AC/DC Converter with Power Factor Correction

P. Zumel, A. de Castro, O. Garcia, T. Riesgo, J. Uceda, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, SPAIN

11.2 Digitally Controlled Low-Harmonic Rectifier Having Fast Dynamic Response

Aleksandar Prodic, Jingquan Chen, Robert W. Erickson, Dragan Maksimovic; University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO

11.3 A Modified Control Scheme to Alleviate DC Voltage Stress in Active Clamp PFC AC/DC Converter with Universal Input

Issa Batarseh, Wenkai Wu, Weihong Qiu, Wei Gu, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL

11.4 Multi-Input Converter with Power Factor Correction and Maximum Power Point Tracking Features

Y.-M. Chen, Y.-C. Liu, F.-Y. Wu, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, TAIWAN

11.5 Low Loss Modulation of PWM-Rectifiers

C. Attaianese, G. Tomasso, University of Cassino, Cassino, ITALY

11.6 Analysis, Design, and Performance Evaluation of Flying-Capacitor Passive Lossless Snubber Applied to PFC Boost Converter

Brian T. Irving, Milan M. Jovanovic, Delta Products Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC

11.7 A Boost Converter With Lossless Snubber Under Minimum Voltage Stress

Wei Dong, Qun Zhao, Jinjun Liu, Fred Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

Session 12A - Resonant & Soft-Switching Converters
Wednesday, March 13, 2:00 PM - 3:45 PM
Houston Ballroom A
Session Chair: S. R. Doradla, Indian Institute of Technology

12A.1 Zero Voltage Switching DC Link Single-Phase Pulse-Width Modulated Voltage Source Inverter

R. Gurunathan, Tyco Electronics, Bangalore, INDIA; A.K.S. Bhat, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, CANADA

12A.2 Zero-Current and Zero-Voltage Soft-Transition Commutation Cell for PWM Inverters

C. M. de O. Stein, H. L. Hey, J. R. Pinheiro, H. Pinheiro and H. A. Gr&#uuml;ndling, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, BRAZIL

12A.3 Half-Bridge Two-Amplitude Actively Clamped Resonant DC-Link Inverter

Jianping Ying, Teng Liu, Dehua Zhang, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHINA

12A.4 Single-Stage Resonant Boost AC-DC-AC Converter

S. Yuvarajan, Shanguang Xu, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND

Session 12B - EMI & PWM Filtering
Wednesday, March 13, 4:15 PM - 5:30 PM
Houston Ballroom A
Session Chair: T.A. Lipo, University of Wisconsin

12B.1 A Novel Active Common-Mode EMI Filter for PWM Inverter

Seung-Ki Sul, Yo-Chan Son, Seoul National University, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA

12B.2 An Inverter Output Filter to Mitigate dv/dt Effects in PWM Drive System

Prasad Enjeti, Loo Palma, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

12B.3 Adverse Effects in Voltage Source Inverter-Fed Drive Systems

Zdenek Peroutka and Vaclav Kus, University of West Bohemia, Plzen, CZECH REPUBLIC

Session 13 - Uninterruptible Power Systems
Wednesday, March 13, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
San Antonio Ballroom A
Session Chairs: B. K. Lee, Texas A&M University &anp; Barry Papermaster, Emerson Energy Systems

13.1 Analysis and Design of a New High-Efficiency Bi-Directional ZVT PWM Converter for DC Bus and Battery Bank Interface

Luciano Schuch, Cassiano Rech, Humberto Pinheiro, Hilton A. Gr&#uuml;ndling, Hélio L. Hey and José R. Pinheiro, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, BRAZIL

13.2 Compensation of Cable Voltage Drops and Automatic Identification of Cable Parameters in Ground Power Units

Uffe Borup, Bo Vork Nielsen, AXA Power Aps, Odense, Denmark; Frede Blaabjerg, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

13.3 DEAD-BEAT Control for Parallel Connected UPS

Alireza Daneshpooy, Silicon Power, Exton, PA

13.4 Dual AC-Input Power System Architectures

Milan Jovanovic and Yungtaek Jang, Delta Products Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC

13.5 DSP Control Method of Single-Phase Inverters for UPS Applications

Liviu Mihalache, Power Conversion Technologies Inc., Harmony, PA

13.6 Uninterruptible Power Supplies: Classification, Operation, Dynamics, and Control

A. Emadi, S.B. Bekiarov, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL

13.7 A Fuel Cell Based Domestic Uninterruptible Power Supply

E. Santi, D. Franzoni, A. Monti, D. Patterson, F. Ponci, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; N. Barry, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, IRELAND

Session 14 - DC-DC High Power & Boost Converters
Wednesday, March 13, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
San Antonio Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Freddy R. Canizales, Alcatel Converters USA & Bharat Modh, Tyco Electronics Power Systems

14.1 Dynamic Analysis of Loss Limited Switching Full Bridge DC-DC Converter with Multimodal Control

Ashish Bendre, Giri Venkataramanan, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI; Deepak Divan, Soft Switching Technologies, Middleton, WI

14.2 A Quadratic Boost Converter Using Soft Commutation

Joao Vieira Jr., Luiz Barreto, Ernane Coelho, Valdeir Farias, Luiz de Freitas, Universidade Federal De Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, BRAZIL

14.3 A Switched Mode Converter Suitable for Superconductive Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) Systems

D. Shmilovitz, S. Singer, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, ISRAEL

14.4 A Novel ZVS DC/DC Converter for High Power Applications

J.M. Zhang, F. Zhang, X.G. Xie, D.Z. Jiao, Zhaoming Qian, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, CHINA

14.5 A Primary-Side-Assisted Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current Switching Three-Level DC-DC Converter with Phase-Shift Control

Seong-Jeub Jeon, Francisco Canales, Peter Barbosa, F. C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

14.6 Input Series Connection of Modular DC-DC Converters with Active Voltage Sharing for High Voltage Applications

Ned Mohan, Amol Bhinge, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rajapandian Ayyanar, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ

14.7 A New Two-Inductor Boost Converter with Auxiliary Transformer

Yungtaek Jang, Milan Jovanovic, Delta Products Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC

Session 15 - Voltage Regulator Modules II
Wednesday, March 13, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
Houston Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Ed Stanford, Intel Corporation & Toshiyuki Zaitsu, TDK Corporation

15.1 Multiphase Voltage-Mode Hysteretic Controlled VRM with DSP Control and Current Sharing Solution

Issa Batarseh, Jaber A. Abu Qahouq, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL

15.2 A Multiphase DC/DC Converter with Hysteretic Voltage Control and Current Sharing

Wei Gu, Weihong Qiu, Wenkai Wu, Issa Batarseh, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL

15.3 Switching Action Delays in Voltage Regulator Modules

Pit-Leong Wong, Linear Technology Corporation, Milpitas, CA; F. C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

15.4 A High Efficiency Topology for 12V VRM - Push Pull Buck and Its Integrated Magnetics Implementations

Jia Wei, Peng Xu, F. C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA

15.5 Investigation of Candidate Topologies for 12V VRM

Peng Xu, Wei Jia, Kaiwei Yao, Yu Meng, F. C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

15.6 Tapped-Inductor Buck Converter with a Lossless Clamp Circuit

Kaiwei Yao, F. C. Lee, Yu Meng, Jia Wei, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA

15.7 Investigation of Topology Candidates for 48V VRM

Mao Ye, Peng Xu, Bo Yang, F. C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA

Session 16A - Rectifier Circuits
Wednesday, March 13, 2:00 PM - 3:45 PM
Houston Ballroom C
Session Chair: Tim A. Haskew, University of Alabama

16A.1 A High Power-Quality, Three-Phase Utility Interface

Bunyamin Tamyurek, David A. Torrey, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY

16A.2 A Novel Control Concept for Operating a Two-Stage Delta-Rectifier-Based Telecommunication Power Supply Module under Heavily Unbalanced Mains Voltage Conditions

Roland Greul, Johann Kolar, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, SWITZERLAND

16A.3 Control of a Flyback Converter in Power Factor Correction Mode: Compromise Between the Current Constraints and the Transformer Volume

C. Larouci, J.P. Ferrieux, L. Gerbaud, J. Roudet, J.Barbaroux, Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, FRANCE

16A.4 Design of 80W Two-Stage Adapter with High Efficiency and Low No Load Input Power

Shixiang Zhou, Boshi Liu, China Institute of Metrology, Hangzhou, CHINA

Session 16B - Power Electronics Chili
Wednesday, March 13, 4:15 PM - 5:30 PM
Houston Ballroom C
Session Chair: Gautam (Tom) Nath, Intel Corporation

16B.1 Ultra High Efficiency of 95% for DC/DC Converter - Considering Theoretical Limitation of Efficiency

Masakazu Takagi, Katsuhiko Shimizu, TDK Corporation, Chiba, JAPAN

16B.2 Improving the Dynamic Response of Active Power Filters Based on the Synchronous Reference Frame Method

Levy E.L. de Oliveira, L.E. Borges da Silva, V.F. da Silva, G.L. Torres, J.O. Pinto, Escola Federal de Engenharia de Itajuba, Itajuba, MG, BRAZIL

16B.3 Survey of Modern Approaches of Education in Power Electronics

Uwe Drofenik, Johann Kolar, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, SWITZERLAND

Session 17A - Induction Motor Drives & Control
Thursday, March 14, 8:30 AM - 10:15 AM
San Antonio Ballroom A
Session Chairs: Fabio Crescimbini, University Roma TRE

17A.1 A Low Cost, Simple Torque Ripple Reduction Technique For Three Phase Inductor Motors

Jim Spangler, ON Semiconductor, Schaumburg, IL

17A.2 Induction Machines Performance Evaluator 'Torque Speed Estimation and Rotor Fault Diagnostic'

Hamid A. Toliyat, Shehab Ahmed, Masoud Haji, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

17A.3 Adjustable-Speed Single-Phase Induction Motor Drive

C.B. Jacobina, A.M.N. Lima, E.R.C. da Silva, CCT UFPB, Campina Grande, PB, BRAZIL; M.B. de R. Correa, CEFET-AL UNED, Palmeira dos Indios, AL, BRAZIL

17A.4 The Sparse Matrix Converter - A Novel Three-Phase Fully Matrix-Equivalent AC-DC-AC Converter Employing Only 15 Unipolar Turn-Off Power Semiconductors and 18 Diodes and No DC Link Energy Storage Components

Johann W. Kolar, and Frank Schafmeister, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, SWITZERLAND; Hans Ertl, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, AUSTRIA

Session 17B - Unique Drive Topologies
Thursday, March 14, 10:45 AM - 12:00 Noon
San Antonio Ballroom A
Session Chair: Eric Persson, International Rectifier

17B.1 A Novel Autotransformer Based 18-Pulse Rectifier Circuit

Girish Kamath, David Benson, Richard Wood, Baldor Electric, Fort Smith, AK

17B.2 An Advanced Low-Cost Sensorless Induction Motor Drive

Jaroslaw Guzinski, Technical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, POLAND; Haithem Abu-Rub, Hamid Toliyat, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

17B.3 Indirect Field Orientation for Induction Motors without Speed Sensor

C.B. Jacobina, C.C. de Azevedo, A.M.N. Lima, A.C. Oliveira, UFPB/CCT/DEE/LEIAM, Campina Grande, PB, BRAZIL; L.A.S. Ribeiro, CEFET-MA, Sao Luis, MA, BRAZIL

Session 18 - DC-DC Magnetics & Topologies
Thursday, March 14, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom A
Session Chairs: Khai D. T. Ngo, University of Florida & Roberto Prieto, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

18.1 Coupled Inductor Design Optimization for Fast-Response Low-Voltage DC-DC Converters

Charles R. Sullivan, Jieli Li, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH

18.2 Integrated Magnetic Full Wave Converter With Flexible Output Inductor

Liang Yan, Dayu Qu, Brad Lehman, Northeastern University, Boston, MA

18.3 An Improved Current-Doubler Rectifier with Integrated Magnetics

Jian Sun, Kenneth F. Webb, Rockwell Collins, Inc., Cedar Rapids, IA; Vivek Mehrotra, Rockwell Scientific Company, Cedar Rapids, IA

18.4 Bi-Directional Resetting Scheme of the Magamp Post-Regulator

Wei Chen, Jiang Jian, Delta Power Electronics Center, Pudong, Shanghai, CHINA

18.5 Single-Magnetic Push-Pull Forward Converter Featuring Built-in Input Filter and Coupled-Inductor Current Doubler for 48V VRM

Peng Xu, Mao Ye, F. C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

18.6 A Family of Compound Active-Clamping DC-DC Converters

Gang Chen, Dehong Xu, Bo Feng,Yousheng Wang, Zhejiang University, Yuquan, Hangzhou, CHINA

18.7 The Forward Converter: From the Classic to the Contemporary

F. Dong Tan, TRW, Redondo Beach, CA

Session 19 - DC-DC Low Power & Low Output Voltage Converters
Thursday, March 14, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Tamotsu Ninomiya, Kyushu University & David Strasser, Texas Instruments, Inc.

19.1 High Efficiency Flyback Converter Using Synchronous Rectification

Ionel Jitaru, Ascom Rompower Inc., Tucson, AZ

19.2 20V MOSFETs For On-Board DC-DC Converters in Desktop Computers

Dragan Maric, Ralph Monteiro, International Rectifier, El Segundo, CA

19.3 Practical Solutions to the Design of Current-Driven Synchronous Rectifier with Energy Recovery from Current Sensing

Joe Liu, Xuefei Xie, N.K. Poon, M.H. Pong, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, CHINA

19.4 A Single-Stage Converter Topology to Achieve Efficient On-Board Power Distribution for Multi-Points Loads

Youhao Xi, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA; Praveen Jain, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, CANADA

19.5 A Novel DC/DC ZVS Converter for Battery Input Application

Jianhong Zeng, Jianping Ying, Qingyou Zhang, Delta Power Electronics Center (DPEC), Pudong, Shanghai, CHINA

19.6 Analysis and Design of Self-Oscillating Flyback Converter

Brian T. Irving, Milan M. Jovanovic, Delta Products Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC

19.7 An Alternative Approach to Efficiently and Flexibly Generating Reset Waveforms for AC PDP

T.-F. Wu, C.-C. Chen, C.-C. Chen, W.-F. Hsu, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan

Session 20 - Lamp Ballasts & Lighting
Thursday, March 14, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
San Antonio Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Jaime Arau, CENIDET & J. C. Johnson, Cooper Lighting

20.1 HF Multiresonant Electronic Ballast for Fluorescent Lamps with Constant Filament Preheat Voltage

Sam Ben-Yaakov, Moshe Shvartsas, Gregory Ivensky, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL

20.2 Piezoelectric-Transformer Inverter with Maximum-Efficiency Tracking and Dimming Control

Tamotsu Ninomiya, Satoshi Nakashima, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JAPAN; Hiroshi Ogasawara, Hidenori Kakehashi, Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd., JAPAN

20.3 A High Efficiency HPF-ZCS-PWM SEPIC for Electronic Ballast With Multiple Tubular Fluorescent Lamps

Carlos Canesin, Fabio Wakabayashi, Paulista State University, Ilha Solteira (SP), BRAZIL

20.4 Partitioning a Digitally Programmable Power-Control ASIC for Application to Ballasts

Douglas C. Hopkins, Satate University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; James Moronski, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY

20.5 Digitally Addressable DALI Dimming Ballast

Cecilia Contenti, International Rectifier, El Segundo, CA

20.6 Series-Parallel Resonant Forward Inverter as a Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (CCFL) Driver

Weiyun (Sophie) Chen, Texas Instruments, Manchester, NH

20.7 A Behavioral SPICE Compatible Model of an Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamp

Sam Ben-Yaakov, Moshe Shvartsas, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL; Jim Lester, OSRAM Sylvania, Beverly, MA

Session 21 - High Power PFC
Thursday, March 14, 8:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Houston Ballroom C
Session Chairs: Michael A. E. Andersen, Technical University of Denmark & Dusan Graovac, Baldor ASR GmbH

21.1 Withdrawn By The Author

21.2 Novel Passive Soft Switching Schemes for High Power Single Phase PFC Rectifiers

Yan Deng, Xiangning HE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, CHINA

21.3 Zero-Current-Switching (ZCS) Power Factor Pre-Regulator (PFP) with Reduced Conduction Losses

Hang-Seok Choi, B.H. Cho, Department of Electrical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA

21.4 A Novel Single Phase Three-level PFC Circuit with Passive Lossless Snubber

Hongyang Wu, Xiangning He, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHINA

21.5 A Simplified Zero-Voltage-Switching PWM Three-Level Converter with Two Clamping Diodes

Xinbo Ruan, Dayu Xu, Linquan Zhou, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu Provice, CHINA

21.6 Zero-Voltage-switching PWM Three-Level Converter with Current-Double-Rectifier

Xinbo Ruan, Bin Li and Jinzhong Li, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu Provice, CHINA

21.7 Compensation Devices Solve Failure Mode of the Phase Shift ZVS Bridge During Light-Load Operation

G. Deboy, M. Purschel, U. Wahl, A. Willmeroth, Infineon Technologies AG, Munich, GERMANY; J. Hancock, Infineon Technologies North America, San Jose, CA

Session 22 - PWM, Multi-Level & Parallel Converters
Thursday, March 14, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
San Antonio Ballroom A
Session Chair: Philip Cooke, Analog Devices Inc.

22.1 High Frequency Link Inverter Based on Multiple-Carrier PWM

P.T. Krein, X Geng, R. Balog, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL

22.2 Symmetrical SVPWM Pattern Generators Using Field Programmable Gate Array Implementation

Geza Joos, Su Chen, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA

22.3 A Novel Passive Lossless Snubber for Multilevel Inverters

Hongyang Wu, Xiangning He, Yan Deng, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHINA

22.4 CWDC Strategy for Paralleled Multi-Inverter Systems Achieving a Weighted Output Current Distribution

Y.-K. Chen, Chien Kuo Institute of Technology, Chang-Hua, Taiwan; Y.-E. Wu, T.-F. Wu, C.-P. Ku, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan

22.5 Investigations on a Unified Controller for a Practical Hybrid Multilevel Power Converter

Madhav Manjrekar, ABB Automation Inc., New Berlin, WI; Tilak Gopalarathnam, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX; Peter K. Steimer, ABB Industrie AG, Turgi, SWITZERLAND

22.6 A Novel Approach to the Control of Parallel Three-Phase Boost Converters that Combines Space-Vector Modulation with Variable-Structure Control

Sudip K. Mazumder, Ali H. Nayfeh, Dushan Boroyevich, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA

22.7 Application of Synchronous and Stationary Frame Controllers for Unbalanced and Non-Linear Load Compensation in 4-Leg Inverters

Robert Gannett, Dushan Boroyevich, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA; John Sozio, Northrop Grumman, Sykesville, MD

Session 23 - Utility Interface & High Power Electronics
Thursday, March 14, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
San Antonio Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Madhav D. Manjrekar, ABB Inc. & Sudip Mazumder, University of Illinois, Chicago

23.1 A New Multiple Loops Linear Control Scheme Applied to a Current-Injection Three-Phase Unity-Power-Factor Rectifier

K. Al-Haddad, H. Kanaan, H.F. Blanchette, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA; R. Chaffai, L. Duguay, ASTEC Advanced Power System, St.-Laurent, Quebec, CANADA; F. Fnaiech, ESSTT - University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia

23.2 Stationary Frame Harmonic Reference Generation for Active Filter Systems

M.J. Newman, D.N. Zmood, D.G. Holmes, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

23.3 Design and Implementation of a Series Voltage Sag Compensator Under Practical Utility Conditions

Po-Tai Cheng, Chun-Chiang Pan, Chian-Chung Huang, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, TAIWAN

23.4 A Study on DVR Control for Unbalanced Voltage Compensation

Hong-Ju Jung, In-Young Suh, Byung-Seob Kim, Rae-Young Kim, See-Young Choi, Jhong-Hwan Song, Hyosung Corporation, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA

23.5 A DC-DC Converter Adequate for Alternative Supply System Applications

V.J. Farias, V.M. Pacheco, E.A.A. Coelho, J.B. Vieria Jr, L.C. de Frietas, Universidade Federal De Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, BRAZIL

23.6 Seamless Transfer of Grid Connected PWM Inverters between Utility Interactive and Stand-Alone Modes

Ned Mohan, Rohit Tirumala, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Chris Henze, Analog Power Devices, Inc., Lakeville, MN

23.7 Phase Angle Balance Control for Harmonic Filtering of A Three Phase Shunt Active Filter System

Souvik Chattopadhyay, V. Ramanarayanan, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, INDIA

Session 24 - DC-DC Resonant & Bridge Converters
Thursday, March 14, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
Houston Ballroom A
Session Chairs: Praveen Jain, Queen's University & C. Wesley Tipton, U. S. Army Research Laboratory

24.1 A New ZVCS Resonant Push-Pull DC/DC Converter Topology

Itsda Boonyaroonate, Shinsaku Mori, Nippon Institute of Technology, Minamisaitama-gun, Saitama-ken, JAPAN

24.2 A ZVT PWM Boost Converter Using an Auxiliary Resonant Source

M. L. Martins, H. L. Hey, J. R. Pinheiro, Humberto Pinheiro, H. A. Gr&#uuml;ndling, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, BRAZIL

24.3 LLC Resonant Converter for Front End DC/DC Conversion

Bo Yang, Fred Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA; Alpha Zhang, Guisong Huang, Delta Power Electronics Center, Pudong, Shanghai, CHINA

24.4 An LCLC Resonant DC-DC Converter with PWM Control-Analysis, Simulation and Implementation

S.R. Doradla, Kamal Singh, Rajesh Ghosh, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, INDIA; Guido Bachmann, Peter Mutschler, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, GERMANY

24.5 Large-Signal Modeling of the PRC-LCC Resonant Topology With A Capacitor as Output Filter

J.A. Martin, A.M. Pernia, J. Diaz, F. Nuno, J. Sebastian, Universidad de Oviedo, Gijon, SPAIN

24.6 A Low Loss High-Frequency Half-Bridge Driver with Integrated Power Devices using EZ-HV SOI Technology

Faye Li, Demetri Giannopoulos, Ihor Wacyk, Philips Research, Briarcliff Manor, NY

24.7 Dual-Bridge DC-DC Converter: A New Topology of No Deadtime DC-DC Converters

Wei Song, Brad Lehman, Northeastern University, Boston, MA

Session 25 - Power Electronics Applications
Thursday, March 14, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
Houston Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Lothar Heinemann, ABB, Calor Emag Switchgear & Pietro Scalia, University of Palermo

25.1 An APWM Resonant Inverter Topology for High Frequency AC Power Distribution Systems

Mei Qiu, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA; Praveen Jain, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, CANADA

25.2 A New Hybrid Control Scheme Using Active-Clamped Class-E Inverter with Induction Heating Jar for High Power Applications

Dong-Yun Lee, Doug-Seok Hyun, Hanyang University, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA

25.3 A Digitally-Controlled, Low-Cost Driver for Piezoceramic Flight Control Surfaces in Small Unmanned Aircraft and Munitions

Bill Dillard, R. Mark Nelms, Auburn University, Auburn, AL

25.4 Withdrawn By The Author

25.5 Withdrawn By The Author

25.6 Performance Prediction of Distributed Power Systems Based on Small-Scale Prototypes

Peng Li, Brad Lehman, Northeastern University, Boston, MA

25.7 A Comparative Study Of Resonant Inverter Topologies Used In Induction Cookers

S. Llorente, J.M. Burdio, J. Acero, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, SPAIN; F. Monterde, Bosch-Siemens Home Appliances Group, Zaragoza, SPAIN

Session 26 - Medium Power PFC
Thursday, March 14, 2:00 PM - 5:30 PM
Houston Ballroom C
Session Chairs: Brian T. Irving, Delta Products Corporation & James P. Noon, Texas Instruments

26.1 Design Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms of a Boost Power Factor Correction Converter

S. Busquets-Monge, E. Hertz, C. Crebier, D. Boroyevich, D.K. Lindner, S. Ragon, Z. Gurdel, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA; G. Soremekun, ADOPTECH, Inc., Blacksburg, VA; M. Arpilliere, Schneider Electric, S.A., FRANCE

26.2 Comparison of Different Techniques to Realize PFC Boost Inductor

Vytenis Leonavicius, Maeve Duffy, Cian O Mathuna, PEI Technologies, NMRC, Cork, IRELAND; Ulrich Boeke, Philips Research Laboratories, Aachen, GERMANY

26.3 A PWM AC/DC Full Bridge Soft-Switching Converter as an Unity Power Factor Power Supply Rectifier

Joao Vieira Jr., Ernane Coelho, Valdeir Farias, Luiz de Freitas, Universidade Federal De Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, BRAZIL; Joao Correa Pinto, Centro Federal de Edcacao Tecnologica do Para, Belem, PA, BRAZIL

26.4 Two-Stage Power Factor Corrected Power Supplies: The Low Component-Stress Approach

Lars Petersen, Michael Andersen, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, DENMARK

26.5 Wide Input Range Module for Rectified AC Power Distribution Demonstrator for Telecommunication System

J. de la Pena, M. Rivas, A. Huertas, M. Perez, M. Rascon, ALCATEL, Madrid, SPAIN

26.6 Simplified Input Current Waveshaping Technique by Using Inductor Voltage Sensing for High Power Factor Isolated SEPIC, Cuk and Flyback Rectifiers

Tanes Tanitteerapan, Shinsaku Mori, Nippon Institute of Technology, Minamisaitama-gun, Saitama-ken, JAPAN

26.7 Design of the Basic Rectifier with LC Filter to Comply with the New Edition of the IEC1000-3-2 Current Harmonic-Limit Specifications (Edition 2.0)

W.M. Lin, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, CHINA; J. Sebastian, A. Fernandez, M.M. Hernando and P.J. Villegas, Universidad de Oviedo, Gijon, SPAIN